Scale Modeling
by Dr. Ferenc Bóka
Scale modeling is an exciting hobby and sport, which aims at the construction of a vehicle’s exact small-scale representation. There are static and dynamic models. The difference is that static models show all the outer physical properties of the original object but do not move or function, whereas dynamic models can move and function, often with the help of a remote controlled motor. Models can be divided into different groups:
- aircraft models
- car models
- ship models
- tank models
- motorcycle models
- submarine models
- rocket models
- train models
Models are generally built based on an actually existing vehicle but sometimes they are based on imaginary objects. The maker of the model gains such experience that would be unattainable otherwise with the large-scale objects. Modeling improves creativity, manual skills, general and specific technical skills, observing and problem solving skills and aesthetics. The most valuable is when you can play with the model you built for yourself and not with one you bought in a shop. This sport has no upper age limits. It is worth starting at around 10 years of age and from then on it can be a source of life-long entertainment.
The controlling of models can vary. Within every group we may differentiate between models propelled by electronic motors and engines. What is more, we can find models without any propulsion at all, for example, sailboats and gliders. Most aircraft, car and ship models function with radio control. This type is also called RC (radio controlled) models. The transmitter communicates with the receiver built into the model with the help of a joystick. It sends information packages using radio wavelength. The most important characteristic is the frequency at which it functions. Mostly this is 27 or 40 MHz but 35, 72 and 400 MHz radios exist, too. In aeromodeling we usually use the FM radios but sometimes they use AM radios in ship or car modeling.
Elements of the radio control system:
- radio transmitter
- radio receiver
- servo
- electronic rpm control
- batteries
- battery charger
- electric motor
One of the most popular types of models are car models. They come in on-road and off-road builds. Off-road cars can go on all terrains, have a high, steady build and are made of durable material. On-road vehicles tend to be lighter in order to enhance speed. Electric versions are recommended for beginners.
Races are held on open spaces, a course is usually 20 to 50 meters. There are many types of races from speed races to “beauty contests” and also different types of shows where models can be exhibited.