III.3. Adolescence

In this age group, the motor skills and abilities are restructured. Generally this is advanced by the adolescent’s growth spurt when the body size and proportions change and as a consequence, the biochemical conditions of movement also change. This results in a temporary decline or stagnation in performance. In terms of strength and endurance this is the start of significant development.

These changes will not be apparent with active athletes and the individuals who do not do sports will show the following characteristics:

• Heavy movements and lack of typical childhood energy and ease;
• Limited gross motor skills, stiff and cramped movements;
• Reduced motor learning and adaptability; 
• Increased difference in motor performances;

Summary of age group characteristics:

• The body changes in size and proportions and as a consequence, the biomechanics of movements also change;
• Performance  of certain motor skills may stagnate or even decline;
• Strength, stamina can be greatly improved;
• The characteristics of individual skills develop with the help of a regular training schedule specific to personal needs;
• When faced with a restraint in the tasks at hand, they would prefer to engage in other leisure activities;
• Reduced desire in performance;
• With active athletes, the ability and development of motor skills are more effortless, and therefore do not cause problems;
• In non-athletes the movement becomes more difficult and laboured and the difference in performance becomes obvious;
• Already in adolescence peak performance in motor skills can often occur;
• Due to changes and development in somatic and psychological changes, young people in this age group require more attention, patience and support. Recreational activities, physical education, exercise classes help to motivate teenagers;